环境说明

macOS 13.5

% sw_vers
ProductName:        macOS
ProductVersion:     13.5
BuildVersion:       22G74

Brew

% brew --version
Homebrew 4.1.2-33-gc531a35

安装

安装 nvm

使用 brew 安装比较方便，更新一下 Homebrew 并安装

% brew update
% brew install nvm
...
...
...
You should create NVM's working directory if it doesn't exist:

  mkdir ~/.nvm

Add the following to ~/.zshrc or your desired shell
configuration file:

  export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
  [ -s "/usr/local/opt/nvm/nvm.sh" ] && . "/usr/local/opt/nvm/nvm.sh"  # This loads nvm
  [ -s "/usr/local/opt/nvm/etc/bash_completion.d/nvm" ] && . "/usr/local/opt/nvm/etc/bash_completion.d/nvm"  # This loads nvm bash_completion

You can set $NVM_DIR to any location, but leaving it unchanged from
/usr/local/opt/nvm will destroy any nvm-installed Node installations
upon upgrade/reinstall.

Type `nvm help` for further information.

Bash completion has been installed to:
  /usr/local/etc/bash_completion.d
==> Summary
  /usr/local/Cellar/nvm/0.35.3: 7 files, 150.0KB, built in 2 seconds

根据提示，创建 .nvm 目录

% mkdir ~/.nvm

编辑 ~/.zshrc 配置文件

% vi ~/.zshrc

在 ~/.zshrc 配置文件后添加如下内容

export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "/usr/local/opt/nvm/nvm.sh" ] && . "/usr/local/opt/nvm/nvm.sh"
[ -s "/usr/local/opt/nvm/etc/bash_completion.d/nvm" ] && . "/usr/local/opt/nvm/etc/bash_completion.d/nvm"

:wq 保存并退出。

使用 :wq 命令使配置生效

% source ~/.zshrc

查看一下配置是否生效

% echo $NVM_DIR
/Users/your-username/.nvm

查看帮助

% nvm --help
...
...
Note:
  to remove, delete, or uninstall nvm - just remove the `$NVM_DIR` folder (usually `~/.nvm`)

帮助的最后一句话，可以看到删除 nvm 很简单，只要删除 $NVM_DIR 文件夹既可以

安装 node.js

查看 node.js 版本可以使用如下命令

% nvm ls-remote

可以看到很多版本，接下来安装 LTS 版本

% nvm install 16
Downloading and installing node v16.20.1...
...
Computing checksum with shasum -a 256
Checksums matched!

安装完之后，可以查看一下

% nvm ls
->     v16.20.1
default -> 16 (-> v16.20.1)
iojs -> N/A (default)
unstable -> N/A (default)
node -> stable (-> v18.17.0) (default)
stable -> 18.17 (-> v18.17.0) (default)
lts/* -> lts/hydrogen (-> v18.17.0)
lts/argon -> v4.9.1 (-> N/A)
lts/boron -> v6.17.1 (-> N/A)
lts/carbon -> v8.17.0 (-> N/A)
lts/dubnium -> v10.24.1 (-> N/A)
lts/erbium -> v12.22.12 (-> N/A)
lts/fermium -> v14.21.3 (-> N/A)
lts/gallium -> v16.20.1

可以看到，安装的是 v16 的稳定版。因为只安装了一个版本，所以使用的版本是 v16
使用其他版本(建议安装稳定版本), 本例安装 v18 的稳定版为例

% nvm install 18
Downloading and installing node v18.17.0...
...
Computing checksum with shasum -a 256
Checksums matched!

可以看到当前 node 版本改为 v18

% nvm ls
       v16.20.1
->     v18.17.0
default -> 16 (-> v16.20.1)
iojs -> N/A (default)
unstable -> N/A (default)
node -> stable (-> v18.17.0) (default)
stable -> 18.17 (-> v18.17.0) (default)
lts/* -> lts/hydrogen (-> v18.17.0)
lts/argon -> v4.9.1 (-> N/A)
lts/boron -> v6.17.1 (-> N/A)
lts/carbon -> v8.17.0 (-> N/A)
lts/dubnium -> v10.24.1 (-> N/A)
lts/erbium -> v12.22.12 (-> N/A)
lts/fermium -> v14.21.3 (-> N/A)
lts/gallium -> v16.20.1
lts/hydrogen -> v18.17.0

切换默认的版本

% nvm use 18
Now using node v18.17.0 (npm v9.6.7)

查看一下版本

% node -v
v18.17.0